One of the most common questions I hear as a veterinarian is, “What kind of food should I feed my dog?” Unfortunately, there’s no one-size-fits-all answer. Just as people have different needs and lifestyles, so do dogs.
Dr. Jerry Klein
Chief Veterinarian, American Kennel Club
The best foods are those labeled by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) as “complete and balanced” for your dog’s life stage: puppy, adult, or all life stages. This designation means the formula meets specific nutrient standards. This is especially important for large and giant breed puppies, whose rapid growth puts unique stress on their developing skeletons. Overfeeding can encourage bone problems and excess weight, so these dogs should be fed growth diets designed specifically for their size until they’ve fully matured, which can take 18–24 months.
For any dog, the right food is the one that maintains a lean, healthy weight, produces well-formed stool, and supports good energy and health. It does not need to be the most expensive brand, nor a boutique formula. The best food is the one your dog does well on and one your veterinarian supports.
Managing your dog’s weight through diet
It’s important to remember that obesity is the No. 1 preventable health issue in American dogs today. Overweight dogs are at greater risk for diabetes, osteoarthritis, heart disease, certain cancers, and reduced life expectancy. Obesity also complicates anesthesia and surgery and can worsen existing medical problems. Preventing obesity through portion control, balanced nutrition, and daily exercise is one of the most impactful things you can do for your dog’s health.
A few practical tips:
- Stop feeding table scraps, or if you do, reduce your dog’s regular food by at least 20%.
- Work with your veterinarian to establish a healthy weight range.
- Develop a customized diet and exercise plan if your dog needs to slim down.
Establishing a healthy fitness routine for your dog
While nutrition is vital, fitness is equally important for both dogs and people. Walking remains the simplest, safest, and most effective form of exercise. It strengthens muscles, supports circulation, boosts energy, reduces stress, and even improves sleep. The American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of walking each week — a goal that benefits dogs as much as their owners.
To promote healthy routines, the American Kennel Club created the AKC Fit Dog program, which follows AHA guidelines. The program offers two options:
- 30 minutes, 5 days a week (150 minutes total) for dogs and owners in good shape.
- 15 minutes, twice daily for 5 days a week for three months — a good plan for senior dogs or those who benefit from shorter sessions.
By participating regularly, you can join the ranks of AKC Fit Dog and even start a Fit Dog Club with neighbors or friends to combine exercise with social connection.
Before starting any new diet or fitness plan, always have your dog evaluated by a veterinarian. With proper nutrition, weight management, and regular activity, you’ll be giving your dog the foundation for a longer, healthier, and happier life.
Learn more about AKC Fit Dog at www.akc.org.
